Present Perfect Dictation: Duration with For and Since

Is the time phrase giving a length of time or a starting point? For introduces the length; since introduces when it began. Listen for that small word and the complete time expression after it. The verb group may contain been and an ing form, but been can also lead to a state description. Hear what actually follows it. A negative with since can describe an event that has not happened over that period. Keep the whole group and any words narrowing the duration.