Gerunds & Infinitives Dictation: Prepositions before Ing Forms

Look for the word connecting an action to the rest of the sentence. After a preposition such as without, for or by, an action normally takes an -ing form. Longer phrases can end in a preposition too. In look forward to, to is a preposition, so it can be followed by -ing. English gives that little word two jobs 🫠. Listen to the full phrase rather than treating every to as an infinitive marker. Keep the activity's ending and any object that follows it.