Participle Clauses Dictation: Passive Participle Clauses

When you hear an opening past participle, wait for the noun it describes. That noun receives the action or is in the resulting state; it is not necessarily doing the opening action itself. A following by phrase may name the source, while other words give a place, purpose or condition. Listen to those details before the main clause begins. There is no missing auxiliary to supply in your answer. Keep the participle phrase as spoken and let the main clause complete the description.