Perfect Participles (Advanced)
C1 Level
English Exercises is teacher-led by Charlie. About the teacher · How content is made
This route also includes longer perfect participle clauses with two completed actions: "Having overcome numerous obstacles and secured the funding, the team launched the programme." Keep the order, negation, and passive meaning from the original sentence. With complex items, it may help to identify the subject first, then decide whether the earlier clause is active, passive, negative, or a combination. The finished sentence should sound formal and compact while preserving the exact cause-and-result relationship from the source sentence throughout carefully.
Quick Rule
active: Having + past participle | negative active: Not having + past participle | passive: Having been + past participle | negative passive: Not having been + past participle
- 1.Not having studied for the test, she failed the exam.
- 2.Not having been informed about the changes, he arrived at the wrong time.
- 3.Having overcome several obstacles and secured the funding, the team launched the programme.
- 4.Having been reviewed and approved, the report was sent to all departments.
- 5.Not having checked the figures, they could not defend the report.
All 20 questions
Rewrite the sentence using a perfect participle clause. Include negative forms (Not having...) where appropriate. Write the complete transformed sentence.
Because she had not studied for the test, she failed the exam.
Because he had not been informed about the changes, he arrived at the wrong time.
After the proposal had been discussed for weeks and finally approved, it was ready.
Because they had not prepared for the presentation, they felt very nervous.
After he had travelled extensively throughout Asia and learned about different cultures, he wrote a book.
Because she had not been given clear instructions, she completed the task incorrectly.
After the report had been reviewed and approved, it was sent to all departments.
Because he had not slept the night before, he could barely concentrate at work.
After she had been awarded the scholarship and accepted at the university, she moved abroad.
Because he had not eaten anything all day, he felt dizzy during the meeting.
After the team had overcome numerous obstacles and secured the funding, it launched the programme.
Because she had not been warned about the side effects, she was surprised by her reaction to the medicine.
After he had spent years training and competing at national level, he qualified for the Olympics.
Because they had not considered the environmental impact, the company faced heavy fines.
After the building had been inspected twice and certified safe, it was opened to the public.
Because he had not brought his passport, he was not allowed to board the plane.
After the medicine had been tested on thousands of patients and approved by the authorities, it was released to the market.
Because she had not been invited to the meeting, she was unaware of the decision.
After he had reviewed all the evidence and consulted with his colleagues, the detective solved the case.
Because they had not been told about the cancellation, the passengers waited at the gate for hours.
Continue Practising
Continue practising with these related exercises
Participle Clauses Error Correction
HardSpot and fix participle clause mistakes in full sentences
20 questions
Reducing Relative Clauses - Easy
EasyPractise shortening active relative clauses with present participles
20 questions
Reducing Relative Clauses - Intermediate
MediumChoose present or past participles for active and passive relative clauses
20 questions
Reducing Relative Clauses - Advanced
HardReduce longer active and passive relative clauses in formal sentences
20 questions
Perfect Participles - Easy
HardUse Having plus past participle to show completed earlier actions
20 questions
Perfect Participles - Intermediate
HardPractise active and passive perfect participle clauses
20 questions