Perfect Participles (Intermediate)
C1 Level
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Read the original sentence carefully before choosing the form. If the subject completed, checked, ate, or submitted something, use active Having + past participle. If the subject was warned, invited, selected, or given something, use passive Having been + past participle. The main clause should keep the same subject and meaning. This route is useful preparation for formal written English because perfect participles let you show order and cause without repeating long after-clauses or because-clauses. Negatives use Not having or Not having been.
Quick Rule
active: Having + past participle | passive: Having been + past participle | negative: Not having / Not having been + past participle
- 1.Having completed the course, he got a certificate.
- 2.Having been warned about the delay, she made other plans.
- 3.Having checked all the documents, they submitted the application.
- 4.Not having been invited, he stayed at home.
- 5.Having eaten lunch, they returned to the office.
All 20 questions
Rewrite the sentence using a perfect participle clause. For active sentences, begin with 'Having + past participle'. For passive sentences, begin with 'Having been + past participle'. Write the complete transformed sentence.
After he had completed the course, he got a certificate.
After she had been warned about the delay, she made other plans.
After they had finished dinner, they went for a walk.
After the letter had been signed by the director, it was sent to the client.
After he had read the instructions carefully, he assembled the furniture.
After she had been given a second chance, she worked much harder.
After we had saved enough money, we bought a new car.
After the project had been approved by the committee, it began immediately.
After she had lived abroad for five years, she spoke the language fluently.
After he had been told about the meeting, he rearranged his schedule.
After they had checked all the documents, they submitted the application.
After the report had been reviewed by the manager, it was published online.
After he had worked a twelve-hour shift, he fell asleep on the sofa.
After she had been promoted to manager, she moved to a bigger office.
After they had discussed the problem for hours, they finally reached a decision.
After the food had been prepared by the chef, it was served to the guests.
After she had passed all her exams, she celebrated with her friends.
After he had lost his wallet, he cancelled all his bank cards.
After the building had been damaged by the storm, it was closed for repairs.
After they had eaten lunch, they returned to the office.
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